Incorporate a Pvt Ltd in 10–15 days via MCA SPICe+ portal
Three questions, then we'll show you what fits and how long it takes.
A private limited company is a separate legal entity registered with the Registrar of Companies under the Companies Act, 2013. The company owns its assets, signs its own contracts and can sue or be sued. The shareholders' liability is limited to the unpaid amount on their shares.
It is the structure most investors and incubators expect from a startup, because it can issue shares, hand out stock options and take on investors without changing its legal form. It also carries a heavier compliance load than a proprietorship or partnership.
Registration is done online on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal through one integrated form, SPICe+. The same form reserves the name, applies for director identification numbers and can request PAN, TAN and other registrations in one go.
Last reviewed against the official sources below on 22 October 2026.
Founders who plan to raise outside money, give equity to early employees, or sell to larger customers who prefer dealing with a company.
Businesses that want the owners' personal assets kept apart from business debts.
A founder running a proprietorship who now wants a formal structure for growth. The conversion is a separate exercise from a fresh registration.
If you are a solo founder with no outside investors, compare the OPC and the LLP in the table below before you decide.
Decide the structure and gather the directors
Agree who the two or more directors and shareholders are, who holds how many shares, and which director is the India resident. Every person needs PAN, Aadhaar, passport photo and a valid email and mobile number.
Get digital signature certificates
The proposed directors and subscribers sign the forms digitally. Buy certificates only from a certifying authority licensed by the Controller of Certifying Authorities.
Reserve the name (SPICe+ Part A)
Propose names in the MCA form. The name must not clash with existing companies or trademarks. Pick a name you can use as a brand, and check the trademark register before you commit.
File the incorporation form (SPICe+ Part B)
Enter company details, registered office, capital and director and shareholder particulars. The form can apply for PAN, TAN and DIN, and can request registrations such as GST, EPFO and ESIC along with the incorporation.
Attach the Memorandum and Articles
The e-MoA (INC-33) sets out the company's objects and the e-AoA (INC-34) sets out how it is run. Keep the objects clause broad enough for where the business may go.
Complete the linked bank-account form
The MCA process includes the AGILE-PRO-S web form. A bank account is opened after incorporation using the certificate and the company documents.
Receive the certificate of incorporation
When the Registrar approves, you receive the certificate of incorporation with the company's CIN, and the PAN and TAN if you applied for them in the form.
The MCA does not promise one fixed time, and our guide does not either. A clean application with a good name and consistent documents moves fastest. Delays usually come from name rejections, address proof problems and mismatched details across documents. After incorporation, plan on a few more working days to open a bank account and complete other registrations.
| Applicant | Identity and address | Other items |
|---|---|---|
| Indian director or shareholder | PAN and Aadhaar, plus a recent proof of address if the form asks | Passport photo, email, mobile number, digital signature certificate |
| Foreign national or NRI director | Passport, with an address proof from the country of residence, usually notarised or apostilled | Digital signature certificate, email, a PAN for tax purposes once issued |
| Corporate shareholder (a company or LLP) | Certificate of incorporation, PAN, board resolution authorising the holding | List of directors and their IDs |
| Registered office | Utility bill or property proof, a rent agreement if rented, and a no-objection letter from the owner | Proof should be recent; check what the form asks for |
| Company details | Proposed names, main business activity and capital | Subscribers' details for the MoA and AoA |
| Private Limited | LLP | OPC | Sole proprietorship | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Separate legal entity | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Owners needed | 2 directors, 2 shareholders | 2 partners, 2 designated partners | 1 member plus a nominee | 1 person |
| Raising equity | Can issue shares, usual choice for investors | Cannot issue shares; capital is contribution based | Limited; usually converts to a private company to raise equity | Not possible |
| Liability | Limited to shares | Limited to contribution | Limited to shares | Unlimited |
| Governing law | Companies Act, 2013 | LLP Act, 2008 | Companies Act, 2013 | No registration needed to start |
| Compliance load | Higher; annual accounts, returns, audit | Lower; annual filings, audit only above set limits | Moderate | Lowest |
| DPIIT recognition | Eligible | Eligible | Check the portal's eligible-entity list before relying on it | Not eligible |
Rules and portals change. Confirm fees and form versions on the official site before you pay or file.
Government Fees
DIN for each director
Allotted through SPICe+ for up to 3 directors; ₹500 per DIR-3 application otherwise
Name reservation (RUN)
One-time fee
SPICe+ e-form filing
NIL for authorized capital up to Rs 15 lakh
Stamp duty on MOA/AOA
Varies by state approx. Rs 200-2,000
Professional Fees
Incorporation package (all-inclusive)
Includes DSC, DIN, SPICe+, PAN, TAN, GSTIN
* Government fees may vary. GST applicable on professional fees. Final pricing confirmed after review.
At least two, and a private company can have at most 200 members. A director can be a shareholder too.
No. A private company has no minimum paid-up capital requirement. Pick a figure that fits the business and any bank or investor expectations.
At least one director must have stayed in India for 182 days or more in the previous year. The others can be non-resident.
Yes, subject to the foreign investment rules for your sector. Foreign nationals need a passport, address proof and a digital signature certificate.
It is the MCA's integrated incorporation form. Part A reserves the name and Part B incorporates the company. It can also apply for DIN, PAN, TAN and other registrations in one go.
The government fee depends on the authorised capital and the state's stamp duty rules, and both can change. Check the current figures on the MCA website and your state's stamp duty notification before you pay anyone.
Open a bank account, file the commencement declaration within 180 days, appoint the first auditor within 30 days and start the annual accounts and return cycle.
If you plan to raise equity or give stock options, a Private Limited company is the usual choice. If you want lighter compliance and no outside equity, an LLP can suit. Compare them in the table above.
Yes, but it is a separate process from a fresh registration. Ask about transferring contracts, registrations and bank accounts before you choose the route.
Private Limited Company Registration
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Private Limited Company Registration
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